Adds a cookie to your current session.

Arguments

name and value are required, path, domain, secure and expiry are optional. Expiry supports the same formats as the DateTime library or an epoch timestamp.

Examples

Prior to SeleniumLibrary 3.0 setting expiry did not work.

Adds a custom location strategy.

Arguments

See Custom locators for information on how to create and use custom strategies. Remove Location Strategy can be used to remove a registered strategy.

Location strategies are automatically removed after leaving the current scope by default. Setting persist to a true value (see Boolean arguments) will cause the location strategy to stay registered throughout the life of the test.

Verifies that an alert is present and by default, accepts it.

Arguments

Fails if no alert is present. If text is a non-empty string, then it is used to verify alert's message. The alert is accepted by default, but that behavior can be controlled by using the action argument same way as with Handle Alert.

timeout specifies how long to wait for the alert to appear. If it is not given, the global default timeout is used instead.

action and timeout arguments are new in SeleniumLibrary 3.0. In earlier versions, the alert was always accepted and a timeout was hardcoded to one second.

Verifies that no alert is present.

Arguments

If the alert actually exists, the action argument determines how it should be handled. By default, the alert is accepted, but it can be also dismissed or left open the same way as with the Handle Alert keyword.

timeout specifies how long to wait for the alert to appear. By default, is not waited for the alert at all, but a custom time can be given if alert may be delayed. See the time format section for information about the syntax.

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Assigns a temporary id to the element specified by locator.

Arguments

This is mainly useful if the locator is complicated and/or slow XPath expression and it is needed multiple times. Identifier expires when the page is reloaded.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Examples

Attach to an existing instance of Chrome browser.

Arguments

Requires that the browser was started with the command line option --remote-debugging-port=<port>, where port is any 4-digit number not being used by other applications.

Note. The first Chrome instance on the system needs to be started with this command line option or this won't have an effect.

That port can then be used to connect using this keyword.

Examples

Captures a screenshot from the element identified by locator and embeds it into log file.

Arguments

See Capture Page Screenshot for details about filename argument. See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

An absolute path to the created element screenshot is returned.

Support for capturing the screenshot from an element has limited support among browser vendors. Please check the browser vendor driver documentation does the browser support capturing a screenshot from an element.

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.3. Support for EMBED is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.2.

Examples:

Takes a screenshot of the current page and embeds it into a log file.

Arguments

filename argument specifies the name of the file to write the screenshot into. The directory where screenshots are saved can be set when importing the library or by using the Set Screenshot Directory keyword. If the directory is not configured, screenshots are saved to the same directory where Robot Framework's log file is written.

If filename equals to EMBED (case insensitive), then screenshot is embedded as Base64 image to the log.html. In this case file is not created in the filesystem.

Starting from SeleniumLibrary 1.8, if filename contains marker {index}, it will be automatically replaced with an unique running index, preventing files to be overwritten. Indices start from 1, and how they are represented can be customized using Python's format string syntax.

An absolute path to the created screenshot file is returned or if filename equals to EMBED, word EMBED is returned.

Support for EMBED is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.2

Examples:

Verifies checkbox locator is selected/checked.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Verifies checkbox locator is not selected/checked.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Inputs the file_path into the file input field locator.

Arguments

This keyword is most often used to input files into upload forms. The keyword does not check file_path is the file or folder available on the machine where tests are executed. If the file_path points at a file and when using Selenium Grid, Selenium will magically, transfer the file from the machine where the tests are executed to the Selenium Grid node where the browser is running. Then Selenium will send the file path, from the nodes file system, to the browser.

That file_path is not checked, is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0.

Examples

Remove all highlighting made by Highlight Elements.

Clears the value of the text-input-element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Clicks the button identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. When using the default locator strategy, buttons are searched using id, name, and value.

See the Click Element keyword for details about the modifier argument.

The modifier argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.3

Click button identified by locator, once it becomes visible.

Arguments

locator element locator

modifier press given keys while clicking the element, e.g. CTRL

Examples

Click the element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The modifier argument can be used to pass Selenium Keys when clicking the element. The + can be used as a separator for different Selenium Keys. The CTRL is internally translated to the CONTROL key. The modifier is space and case insensitive, example "alt" and " aLt " are supported formats to ALT key . If modifier does not match to Selenium Keys, keyword fails.

If action_chain argument is true, see Boolean arguments for more details on how to set boolean argument, then keyword uses ActionChain based click instead of the <web_element>.click() function. If both action_chain and modifier are defined, the click will be performed using modifier and action_chain will be ignored.

Examples

The modifier argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.2 The action_chain argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.1

Click the element locator at xoffset/yoffset.

Arguments

The Cursor is moved and the center of the element and x/y coordinates are calculated from that point.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Click element if it is visible

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Waits for and clicks an element until is fully ready to be clicked.

Arguments

If a normal click doesn't work, then JavaScript-oriented workarounds are tried as a fallback mechanism.

Parameter locator targets the element to be clicked. Parameter timeout optionally configures a custom duration to wait for the element to become clickable, until it gives up.

Examples

Click element identified by locator, once it becomes visible.

Arguments

locator element locator

modifier press given keys while clicking the element, e.g. CTRL

action_chain store action in Selenium ActionChain queue

Examples

Clicks an image identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. When using the default locator strategy, images are searched using id, name, src and alt.

See the Click Element keyword for details about the modifier argument.

The modifier argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.3

Clicks a link identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. When using the default locator strategy, links are searched using id, name, href and the link text.

See the Click Element keyword for details about the modifier argument.

The modifier argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.3

Closes all open browsers and resets the browser cache.

After this keyword, new indexes returned from Open Browser keyword are reset to 1.

This keyword should be used in test or suite teardown to make sure all browsers are closed.

Closes the current browser.

Closes currently opened and selected browser window/tab.

Will cover elements identified by locator with a blue div without breaking page layout.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.3.0

Example: |Cover Element | css:div#container |

Creates an instance of Selenium WebDriver.

Arguments

Like Open Browser, but allows passing arguments to the created WebDriver instance directly. This keyword should only be used if the functionality provided by Open Browser is not adequate.

driver_name must be a WebDriver implementation name like Firefox, Chrome, Ie, Edge, Safari, or Remote.

The initialized WebDriver can be configured either with a Python dictionary kwargs or by using keyword arguments **init_kwargs. These arguments are passed directly to WebDriver without any processing. See Selenium API documentation for details about the supported arguments.

Examples:

Returns the index of this browser instance which can be used later to switch back to it. Index starts from 1 and is reset back to it when Close All Browsers keyword is used. See Switch Browser for an example.

Verifies that the current frame contains text.

Arguments

See Page Should Contain for an explanation about the loglevel argument.

Prior to SeleniumLibrary 3.0 this keyword was named Current Frame Contains.

Verifies that the current frame does not contain text.

Arguments

See Page Should Contain for an explanation about the loglevel argument.

Deletes all cookies.

Deletes the cookie matching name.

Arguments

If the cookie is not found, nothing happens.

Does alert contain text.

Arguments

text check if alert includes text, will raise ValueError is text does not exist

Examples

Does alert not contain text.

Arguments

text check that alert does not include text, will raise ValueError if text does exist

Examples

Does element contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected element text

ignore_case should check be case insensitive, default False

Examples

Does frame contain expected text

Arguments

locator locator of the frame to check

text does frame contain this text

Examples

Does current URL contain expected

Arguments

expected URL should contain this

Examples

Does page contain expected text

Arguments

text page should contain this

Examples

Does page contain expected button

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Does page contain expected checkbox

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Does page contain expected element

Arguments

locator element locator

count how many times element is expected to appear on page by default one or more

Examples

Does page contain expected image

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Does page contain expected link

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Does page contain expected list

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Does page contain expected radio button

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Does page contain expected textfield

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Does table cell contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator for the table

row row index starting from 1 (beginning) or -1 (from the end)

column column index starting from 1 (beginning) or -1 (from the end)

expected expected text in table row

Examples

Does table column contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator for the table

column column index starting from 1 (beginning) or -1 (from the end)

expected expected text in table column

Examples

Does table contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected text in table

Examples

Does table footer contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator for the table

expected expected text in table footer

Examples

Does table header contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator for the table

expected expected text in table header

Examples

Does table row contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator for the table

row row index starting from 1 (beginning) or -1 (from the end)

expected expected text in table row

Examples

Does textarea contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected text in textarea

Examples

Does textfield contain expected text

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected text in textfield

Examples

Double clicks the element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Drags the element identified by locator into the target element.

Arguments

The locator argument is the locator of the dragged element and the target is the locator of the target. See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Examples

Drags the element identified with locator by xoffset/yoffset.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The element will be moved by xoffset and yoffset, each of which is a negative or positive number specifying the offset.

Examples

Verifies element identified by locator contains expected attribute value.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Example: Element Attribute Value Should Be | css:img | href | value

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.2.

Verifies that element identified by locator is disabled.

Arguments

This keyword considers also elements that are read-only to be disabled.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Verifies that element identified by locator is enabled.

Arguments

This keyword considers also elements that are read-only to be disabled.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Verifies that element identified by locator is focused.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Verifies that the element identified by locator is visible.

Arguments

Herein, visible means that the element is logically visible, not optically visible in the current browser viewport. For example, an element that carries display:none is not logically visible, so using this keyword on that element would fail.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

Verifies that element locator contains text expected.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

The ignore_case argument can be set to True to compare case insensitive, default is False. New in SeleniumLibrary 3.1.

ignore_case argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.1.

Use Element Text Should Be if you want to match the exact text, not a substring.

Verifies that the element identified by locator is NOT visible.

Arguments

Passes if the element does not exists. See Element Should Be Visible for more information about visibility and supported arguments.

Verifies that element locator does not contain text expected.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

The ignore_case argument can be set to True to compare case insensitive, default is False.

ignore_case argument new in SeleniumLibrary 3.1.

Verifies that element locator contains exact the text expected.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

The ignore_case argument can be set to True to compare case insensitive, default is False.

ignore_case argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.1.

Use Element Should Contain if a substring match is desired.

Verifies that element locator does not contain exact the text not_expected.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

The ignore_case argument can be set to True to compare case insensitive, default is False.

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.1.1

Executes asynchronous JavaScript code with possible arguments.

Arguments

Similar to Execute Javascript except that scripts executed with this keyword must explicitly signal they are finished by invoking the provided callback. This callback is always injected into the executed function as the last argument.

Scripts must complete within the script timeout or this keyword will fail. See the Timeout section for more information.

Starting from SeleniumLibrary 3.2 it is possible to provide JavaScript arguments as part of code argument. See Execute Javascript for more details.

Examples:

Executes Chromium DevTools Protocol commands

Arguments

Works only with Chromium-based browsers!

For more information, available commands and parameters, see: https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/

command command to execute as string

parameters parameters for command as a dictionary

Examples

Executes the given JavaScript code with possible arguments.

Arguments

code may be divided into multiple cells in the test data and code may contain multiple lines of code and arguments. In that case, the JavaScript code parts are concatenated together without adding spaces and optional arguments are separated from code.

If code is a path to an existing file, the JavaScript to execute will be read from that file. Forward slashes work as a path separator on all operating systems.

The JavaScript executes in the context of the currently selected frame or window as the body of an anonymous function. Use window to refer to the window of your application and document to refer to the document object of the current frame or window, e.g. document.getElementById('example').

This keyword returns whatever the executed JavaScript code returns. Return values are converted to the appropriate Python types.

Starting from SeleniumLibrary 3.2 it is possible to provide JavaScript arguments as part of code argument. The JavaScript code and arguments must be separated with JAVASCRIPT and ARGUMENTS markers and must be used exactly with this format. If the Javascript code is first, then the JAVASCRIPT marker is optional. The order of JAVASCRIPT and ARGUMENTS markers can be swapped, but if ARGUMENTS is the first marker, then JAVASCRIPT marker is mandatory. It is only allowed to use JAVASCRIPT and ARGUMENTS markers only one time in the code argument.

Examples:

Verifies that frame identified by locator contains text.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

See Page Should Contain for an explanation about the loglevel argument.

Gets the currently stored value for chain_delay_value in timestr format.

Returns a list containing ids of all links found in current page.

If a link has no id, an empty string will be in the list instead.

Returns aliases of all active browser that has an alias as NormalizedDict. The dictionary contains the aliases as keys and the index as value. This can be accessed as dictionary ${aliases.key} or as list @{aliases}[0].

Examples

See Switch Browser for more information and examples.

New in SeleniumLibrary 4.0

Get dictionary of browser properties

Examples

Returns index of all active browser as list.

Examples

See Switch Browser for more information and examples.

New in SeleniumLibrary 4.0

Returns information of cookie with name as an object.

Arguments

If no cookie is found with name, keyword fails. The cookie object contains details about the cookie. Attributes available in the object are documented in the table below.

See the WebDriver specification for details about the cookie information. Notice that expiry is specified as a datetime object, not as seconds since Unix Epoch like WebDriver natively does.

In some cases, example when running a browser in the cloud, it is possible that the cookie contains other attributes than is defined in the WebDriver specification. These other attributes are available in an extra attribute in the cookie object and it contains a dictionary of the other attributes. The extra attribute is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0.

Examples

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Returns all cookies of the current page.

Arguments

If as_dict argument evaluates as false, see Boolean arguments for more details, then cookie information is returned as a single string in format name1=value1; name2=value2; name3=value3. When as_dict argument evaluates as true, cookie information is returned as Robot Framework dictionary format. The string format can be used, for example, for logging purposes or in headers when sending HTTP requests. The dictionary format is helpful when the result can be passed to requests library's Create Session keyword's optional cookies parameter.

The ` as_dict` argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.3

Returns the value of attribute from the element locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Examples

Passing attribute name as part of the locator was removed in SeleniumLibrary 3.2. The explicit attribute argument should be used instead.

Returns the number of elements matching locator.

Arguments

If you wish to assert the number of matching elements, use Page Should Contain Element with limit argument. Keyword will always return an integer.

Examples

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Returns width and height of the element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Both width and height are returned as integers.

Examples

Return dictionary containing element status of:

Arguments

• visible
• enabled
• disabled
• focused

locator element locator

Examples

Returns the horizontal position of the element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The position is returned in pixels off the left side of the page, as an integer.

See also Get Vertical Position.

Returns all labels or values of selection list locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Returns visible labels by default, but values can be returned by setting the values argument to a true value (see Boolean arguments).

Examples

Support to return values is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Returns the current browser window URL.

Returns and logs URLs of all windows of the selected browser.

Arguments

Browser Scope:

The browser argument specifies the browser that shall return its windows information.

• browser can be index_or_alias like in Switch Browser.

• If browser is CURRENT (default, case-insensitive) the currently active browser is selected.

• If browser is ALL (case-insensitive) the window information of all windows of all opened browsers are returned.

Returns the label of selected option from selection list locator.

Arguments

If there are multiple selected options, the label of the first option is returned.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Returns labels of selected options from selection list locator.

Arguments

Starting from SeleniumLibrary 3.0, returns an empty list if there are no selections. In earlier versions, this caused an error.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Returns the value of selected option from selection list locator.

Arguments

If there are multiple selected options, the value of the first option is returned.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Returns values of selected options from selection list locator.

Arguments

Starting from SeleniumLibrary 3.0, returns an empty list if there are no selections. In earlier versions, this caused an error.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Gets the implicit wait value used by Selenium.

The value is returned as a human-readable string like 1 second.

See the Implicit wait section above for more information.

Gets the timeout to wait for a page load to complete before throwing an error.

The value is returned as a human-readable string like 1 second.

See the Page load section above for more information.

New in SeleniumLibrary 6.1

Gets the delay that is waited after each Selenium command.

The value is returned as a human-readable string like 1 second.

See the Selenium Speed section above for more information.

Gets the timeout that is used by various keywords.

The value is returned as a human-readable string like 1 second.

See the Timeout section above for more information.

Returns the currently active browser session id.

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.2

Returns the entire HTML source of the current page or frame.

Returns contents of a table cell.

Arguments

The table is located using the locator argument and its cell found using row and column. See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Both row and column indexes start from 1, and header and footer rows are included in the count. It is possible to refer to rows and columns from the end by using negative indexes so that -1 is the last row/column, -2 is the second last, and so on.

All <th> and <td> elements anywhere in the table are considered to be cells.

See Page Should Contain for an explanation about the loglevel argument.

Get SeleniumTestability plugin status

Returns the text value of the element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Returns the title of the current page.

Returns the value attribute of the element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Returns the vertical position of the element identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The position is returned in pixels off the top of the page, as an integer.

See also Get Horizontal Position.

Returns the first Element matching the given locator.

Arguments

With the parent parameter you can optionally specify a parent to start the search from. Set shadow to True if you're targeting and expecting a shadow root in return. Read more on the shadow root: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/ShadowRoot

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Returns a list of WebElement objects matching the locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Starting from SeleniumLibrary 3.0, the keyword returns an empty list if there are no matching elements. In previous releases, the keyword failed in this case.

Returns all child window handles of the selected browser as a list.

Arguments

Can be used as a list of windows to exclude with Select Window.

How to select the browser scope of this keyword, see Get Locations.

Prior to SeleniumLibrary 3.0, this keyword was named List Windows.

Returns and logs id attributes of all windows of the selected browser.

Arguments

How to select the browser scope of this keyword, see Get Locations.

Returns and logs names of all windows of the selected browser.

Arguments

How to select the browser scope of this keyword, see Get Locations.

Returns current window position.

The position is relative to the top left corner of the screen. Returned values are integers. See also Set Window Position.

Examples

Returns current window width and height as integers.

Arguments

See also Set Window Size.

If inner parameter is set to True, keyword returns HTML DOM window.innerWidth and window.innerHeight properties. See Boolean arguments for more details on how to set boolean arguments. The inner is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0.

Examples

Returns and logs titles of all windows of the selected browser.

Arguments

How to select the browser scope of this keyword, see Get Locations.

Simulates the user clicking the back button on their browser.

Navigates the current browser window to the provided url.

Arguments

Handles the current alert and returns its message.

Arguments

By default, the alert is accepted, but this can be controlled with the action argument that supports the following case-insensitive values:

• ACCEPT: Accept the alert i.e. press Ok. Default.
• DISMISS: Dismiss the alert i.e. press Cancel.
• LEAVE: Leave the alert open.

The timeout argument specifies how long to wait for the alert to appear. If it is not given, the global default timeout is used instead.

Examples:

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Highlight all matching elements by locator.

Arguments

Highlighting is done by adding a colored outline around the elements with CSS styling.

locator element locator width highlight outline width style highlight outline style color highlight outline color

Examples

Types the given password into the text field identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. See Input Text for clear argument details.

Difference compared to Input Text is that this keyword does not log the given password on the INFO level. Notice that if you use the keyword like

the password is shown as a normal keyword argument. A way to avoid that is using variables like

Please notice that Robot Framework logs all arguments using the TRACE level and tests must not be executed using level below DEBUG if the password should not be logged in any format.

The clear argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0. Hiding password logging from Selenium logs is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.2.

Types the given text into the text field identified by locator.

Arguments

When clear is true, the input element is cleared before the text is typed into the element. When false, the previous text is not cleared from the element. Use Input Password if you do not want the given text to be logged.

If Selenium Grid is used and the text argument points to a file in the file system, then this keyword prevents the Selenium to transfer the file to the Selenium Grid hub. Instead, this keyword will send the text string as is to the element. If a file should be transferred to the hub and upload should be performed, please use Choose File keyword.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. See the Boolean arguments section how Boolean values are handled.

Disabling the file upload the Selenium Grid node and the clear argument are new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0

Types the given text into an input field in an alert.

Arguments

The alert is accepted by default, but that behavior can be controlled by using the action argument same way as with Handle Alert.

timeout specifies how long to wait for the alert to appear. If it is not given, the global default timeout is used instead.

New in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Input text into locator after it has become visible.

Arguments

locator element locator

text insert text to locator

Examples

Is alert box present, which can be identified with text and action can also be done which by default is ACCEPT.

Arguments

Other possible actions are DISMISS and LEAVE.

text check if alert text is matching to this, if None will check if alert is present at all

action possible action if alert is present, default ACCEPT

Examples

Is checkbox selected

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Is element attribute equal to expected value

Arguments

locator element locator

attribute element attribute to check for

expected is attribute value equal to this

Examples

Is element disabled

Arguments

locator element locator missing_ok default True, set to False if keyword should Fail if element does not exist

Examples

Is element enabled

Arguments

locator element locator missing_ok default True, set to False if keyword should Fail if element does not exist

Examples

Is element focused

Arguments

locator element locator missing_ok default True, set to False if keyword should Fail if element does not exist

Examples

Is element text expected

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected element text

ignore_case should check be case insensitive, default False

Examples

Is element visible

Arguments

locator element locator missing_ok default True, set to False if keyword should Fail if element does not exist

Examples

Is any option selected in the

Arguments

locator element locator

Examples

Is list selected with expected values

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected selected options

Examples

Is current URL expected url

Arguments

url expected current URL

Examples

Is any radio button selected in the button group

Arguments

group_name radio button group name

Examples

Is radio button group set to expected value

Arguments

group_name radio button group name

value expected value

Examples

Is textarea matching expected value

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected textarea value

Examples

Is textfield value expected

Arguments

locator element locator

expected expected textfield value

Examples

Is page title expected

Arguments

title expected title value

Examples

Verifies selection list locator has expected options selected.

Arguments

It is possible to give expected options both as visible labels and as values. Starting from SeleniumLibrary 3.0, mixing labels and values is not possible. Order of the selected options is not validated.

If no expected options are given, validates that the list has no selections. A more explicit alternative is using List Should Have No Selections.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Examples:

Verifies selection list locator has no options selected.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Verifies that the current URL is exactly url.

Arguments

The url argument contains the exact url that should exist in browser.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

message argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.2.0.

Verifies that the current URL contains expected.

Arguments

The expected argument contains the expected value in url.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

message argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.2.0.

Logs and returns the current browser window URL.

Logs and returns the HTML source of the current page or frame.

Arguments

The loglevel argument defines the used log level. Valid log levels are WARN, INFO (default), DEBUG, TRACE and NONE (no logging).

Logs and returns the title of the current page.

Maximizes current browser window.

Arguments

The window won't be maximized in headless mode since there's no way to know the screen size to set the window size to in the absence of an UI. Use the Set Window Size keyword with a specific side or set the force param to True if you still want to enforce this undefined behaviour.

Simulates pressing the left mouse button on the element locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The element is pressed without releasing the mouse button.

See also the more specific keywords Mouse Down On Image and Mouse Down On Link.

Simulates a mouse down event on an image identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. When using the default locator strategy, images are searched using id, name, src and alt.

Simulates a mouse down event on a link identified by locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. When using the default locator strategy, links are searched using id, name, href and the link text.

Simulates moving the mouse away from the element locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Simulates hovering the mouse over the element locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Simulates releasing the left mouse button on the element locator.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Attempts to open a browser on the user's device from a set of supported browsers. Automatically downloads a corresponding webdriver if none is already installed.

Arguments

Currently supported browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Edge, ChromiumEdge, Safari, Ie

Optionally can be given a url as the first argument, to open the browser directly to the given page.

Returns either a generated index or a custom alias for the browser instance. The returned value can be used to refer to that specific browser instance in other keywords.

If the browser should start in a maximized window, this can be enabled with the argument maximized, but is disabled by default.

For certain applications it might also be required to force a certain user-agent string for Selenium, which can be overridden with the user_agent argument.

WebDriver creation can be customized with options. This accepts a class instance (e.g. ChromeOptions), a string like add_argument("--incognito");set_capability("acceptInsecureCerts", True) or even a simple dictionary like: {"arguments": ["--incognito"], "capabilities": {"acceptInsecureCerts": True}}

A custom port can be provided to start the browser webdriver without a randomly picked one. Make sure you provide every time a unique system-available local port if you plan to have multiple browsers being controlled in parallel.

For incompatible web apps designed to work in Internet Explorer only, Edge can run in IE mode by simply setting ie in the browser_selection param. Robot example: https://github.com/robocorp/example-ie-mode-edge

Examples

Browser order

The default order of supported browsers is based on the operating system and is as follows:

The order can be overridden with a custom list by using the argument browser_selection. The argument can be either a comma-separated string or a list object.

Example:

Webdriver download

The library can (if requested) automatically download webdrivers for all the supported browsers. This can be controlled with the argument download.

If the value is False, it will only attempt to start webdrivers found from the system PATH.

If the value is True, it will download a webdriver that matches the current browser.

By default the argument has the value AUTO, which means it first attempts to use webdrivers found in PATH and if that fails forces a webdriver download.

Opening process

1. Parse list of preferred browser order. If not given, use values from above table.

2. Loop through listed browsers:

a. Set the webdriver options for the browser.

b. Download webdriver (if requested).

c. Attempt to launch the webdriver and stop the loop if successful.

3. Return index/alias if webdriver was created, or raise an exception if no browsers were successfully opened.

Headless mode

If required, the browser can also run headless, which means that it does not create a visible window. Generally a headless browser is slightly faster, but might not support all features a normal browser does.

One typical use-case for headless mode is in cloud containers, where there is no display available. It also prevents manual interaction with the browser, which can be either a benefit or a drawback depending on the context.

It can be explicitly enabled or disabled with the argument headless. By default, it will be disabled, unless it detects that it is running in a Linux environment without a display, e.g. a container or if the RPA_HEADLESS_MODE env var is set to a number different than 0.

Chromium options

Some features are currently available only for Chromium-based browsers. This includes using an existing user profile. By default Selenium uses a new profile for each session, but it can use an existing one by enabling the use_profile argument.

If a custom profile is stored somewhere outside of the default location, the path to the profiles directory and the name of the profile can be controlled with profile_path and profile_name respectively. Keep in mind that the profile_path for the Chrome browser for e.g. ends usually with "Chrome", "User Data" or "google-chrome" (based on platform) and the profile_name is a directory relative to profile_path, usually named "Profile 1", "Profile 2" etc. (and not as your visible name in the Chrome browser). Similar behavior is observed with Edge as well.

Example:

Profile preferences can be further overridden with the preferences argument by giving a dictionary of key/value pairs.

Chromium-based browsers can additionally connect through a proxy, which should be given as either a local or remote address.

Opens a new browser instance to the optional url.

Arguments

The browser argument specifies which browser to use. The supported browsers are listed in the table below. The browser names are case-insensitive and some browsers have multiple supported names.

To be able to actually use one of these browsers, you need to have a matching Selenium browser driver available. See the project documentation for more details. Headless Firefox and Headless Chrome are new additions in SeleniumLibrary 3.1.0 and require Selenium 3.8.0 or newer.

After opening the browser, it is possible to use optional url to navigate the browser to the desired address.

Optional alias is an alias given for this browser instance and it can be used for switching between browsers. When same alias is given with two Open Browser keywords, the first keyword will open a new browser, but the second one will switch to the already opened browser and will not open a new browser. The alias definition overrules browser definition. When same alias is used but a different browser is defined, then switch to a browser with same alias is done and new browser is not opened. An alternative approach for switching is using an index returned by this keyword. These indices start from 1, are incremented when new browsers are opened, and reset back to 1 when Close All Browsers is called. See Switch Browser for more information and examples.

Optional remote_url is the URL for a Selenium Grid.

Optional desired_capabilities is deprecated and will be ignored. Capabilities of each individual browser is now done through options or services. Please refer to those arguments for configuring specific browsers.

Optional ff_profile_dir is the path to the Firefox profile directory if you wish to overwrite the default profile Selenium uses. Notice that prior to SeleniumLibrary 3.0, the library contained its own profile that was used by default. The ff_profile_dir can also be an instance of the selenium.webdriver.FirefoxProfile . As a third option, it is possible to use FirefoxProfile methods and attributes to define the profile using methods and attributes in the same way as with options argument. Example: It is possible to use FirefoxProfile set_preference to define different profile settings. See options argument documentation in below how to handle backslash escaping.

Optional options argument allows defining browser specific Selenium options. Example for Chrome, the options argument allows defining the following methods and attributes and for Firefox these methods and attributes are available. Please note that not all browsers, supported by the SeleniumLibrary, have Selenium options available. Therefore please consult the Selenium documentation which browsers do support the Selenium options. Selenium options are also supported, when remote_url argument is used.

The SeleniumLibrary options argument accepts Selenium options in two different formats: as a string and as Python object which is an instance of the Selenium options class.

The string format allows defining Selenium options methods or attributes and their arguments in Robot Framework test data. The method and attributes names are case and space sensitive and must match to the Selenium options methods and attributes names. When defining a method, it must be defined in a similar way as in python: method name, opening parenthesis, zero to many arguments and closing parenthesis. If there is a need to define multiple arguments for a single method, arguments must be separated with comma, just like in Python. Example: add_argument("--headless") or add_experimental_option("key", "value"). Attributes are defined in a similar way as in Python: attribute name, equal sign, and attribute value. Example, headless=True. Multiple methods and attributes must be separated by a semicolon. Example: add_argument("--headless");add_argument("--start-maximized").

Arguments allow defining Python data types and arguments are evaluated by using Python ast.literal_eval. Strings must be quoted with single or double quotes, example "value" or 'value'. It is also possible to define other Python builtin data types, example True or None, by not using quotes around the arguments.

The string format is space friendly. Usually, spaces do not alter the defining methods or attributes. There are two exceptions. In some Robot Framework test data formats, two or more spaces are considered as cell separator and instead of defining a single argument, two or more arguments may be defined. Spaces in string arguments are not removed and are left as is. Example add_argument ( "--headless" ) is same as add_argument("--headless"). But add_argument(" --headless ") is not same same as add_argument ( "--headless" ), because spaces inside of quotes are not removed. Please note that if options string contains backslash, example a Windows OS path, the backslash needs escaping both in Robot Framework data and in Python side. This means single backslash must be writen using four backslash characters. Example, Windows path: "C:\path\to\profile" must be written as "C:\\\\path\\\to\\\\profile". Another way to write backslash is use Python raw strings and example write: r"C:\\path\\to\\profile".

As last format, options argument also supports receiving the Selenium options as Python class instance. In this case, the instance is used as-is and the SeleniumLibrary will not convert the instance to other formats. For example, if the following code return value is saved to ${options} variable in the Robot Framework data:

Then the ${options} variable can be used as an argument to options.

Example the options argument can be used to launch Chomium-based applications which utilize the Chromium Embedded Framework . To lauch Chomium-based application, use options to define binary_location attribute and use add_argument method to define remote-debugging-port port for the application. Once the browser is opened, the test can interact with the embedded web-content of the system under test.

Optional service_log_path argument defines the name of the file where to write the browser driver logs. If the service_log_path argument contain a marker {index}, it will be automatically replaced with unique running index preventing files to be overwritten. Indices start's from 1, and how they are represented can be customized using Python's format string syntax.

Optional executable_path argument defines the path to the driver executable, example to a chromedriver or a geckodriver. If not defined it is assumed the executable is in the $PATH.

Examples:

Alias examples:

Example when using Chrome options method:

Example for FirefoxProfile

If the provided configuration options are not enough, it is possible to use Create Webdriver to customize browser initialization even more.

Applying desired_capabilities argument also for local browser is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.1.

Using alias to decide, is the new browser opened is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0. The options and service_log_path are new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0. Support for ff_profile_dir accepting an instance of the selenium.webdriver.FirefoxProfile and support defining FirefoxProfile with methods and attributes are new in SeleniumLibrary 4.0.

Making url optional is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.1.

The executable_path argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 4.2.

Opens a Chrome browser.

Arguments

See Open Available Browser for a full descriptions of the arguments.

Opens the context menu on the element identified by locator.

Arguments

Opens the Chrome browser in headless mode.

Arguments

url URL to open

Examples

Opens an URL with te user's default browser.

Arguments

The browser opened with this keyword is not accessible with Selenium. To interact with the opened browser it is possible to use RPA.Desktop or RPA.Windows library keywords.

The keyword Attach Chrome Browser can be used to access an already open browser with Selenium keywords.

Read more: https://robocorp.com/docs/development-guide/browser/how-to-attach-to-running-chrome-browser

url URL to open tab defines is url is opened in a tab (defaults to True) or in new window (if set to False)

Examples

Verifies that current page contains text.

Arguments

If this keyword fails, it automatically logs the page source using the log level specified with the optional loglevel argument. Valid log levels are TRACE (default), DEBUG, INFO, WARN, and NONE. If the log level is NONE or below the current active log level the source will not be logged.

Verifies button locator is found from current page.

Arguments

See Page Should Contain Element for an explanation about message and loglevel arguments.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax. When using the default locator strategy, buttons are searched using id, name, and value.

Verifies checkbox locator is found from the current page.

Arguments

See Page Should Contain Element for an explanation about message and loglevel arguments.

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

Verifies that element locator is found on the current page.

Arguments

See the Locating elements section for details about the locator syntax.

The message argument can be used to override the default error message.

The limit argument can used to define how many elements the page should contain. When limit is None (default) page can contain one or more elements. When limit is a number, page must contain same number of elements.

See Page Should Contain for an explanation about the loglevel argument.

Examples assumes that locator matches to two elements.

The limit argument is new in SeleniumLibrary 3.0.

Verifies image identified by locator is found from current page.

Arguments